cohort: [15] Etymologically, cohort is an ‘enclosed yard’. It comes via Old French cohorte from Latin cohors, a compound noun formed from the prefix com- ‘with’ and an element hortwhich also appears in Latin hortus ‘garden’ (source of English horticulture) and is related to English garden, yard, and the second element of orchard.
From the underlying sense of ‘enclosed place’ it came to be applied to a crowd of people in such a place, and then more specifically to an infantry company in the Roman army. Its meaning has spread figuratively in English to ‘band of associates or accomplices’, whose frequent use in the plural led to the misapprehension that a single cohort was an ‘associate’ or ‘accomplice’ – a usage which emerged in American English in the mid 20th century.
The original form of the Latin word is well preserved in cohort, but it has also reached us, more thickly disguised, as court. => court, garden, horticulture, orchard, yard
cohort (n.)
early 15c., "company of soldiers," from Middle French cohorte (14c.) and directly from Latin cohortem (nominative cohors) "enclosure," meaning extended to "infantry company" in Roman army (a tenth part of a legion) through notion of "enclosed group, retinue," from com- "with" (see co-) + root akin to hortus "garden," from PIE *ghr-ti-, from root *gher- (1) "to grasp, enclose" (see yard (n.1)). Sense of "accomplice" is first recorded 1952, American English, from meaning "group united in common cause" (1719).
实用例句
1. She speaks for a whole cohort of young Japanese writers.
她是所有日本年轻作家的代言人。
来自柯林斯例句
2. Tests were carried out by teachers on the entire cohort of eight to nine year-olds in their third year at primary school.
测试是由老师在小学三年级所有八岁到九岁的学生中进行的。
来自柯林斯例句
3. All cohort data are affected by possible selection effects.
所有同期组群资料都受到可能发生的选择作用的影响.
来自辞典例句
4. Cohort analysis traces the subsequent vital history of such cohorts.
对同批人进行分析能追溯出这种同批人随后的重大历史.
来自辞典例句
5. Mortality rates actually increased with age in the same birth cohort.
